Children, Vol. 11, Pages 518: Pediatric Hypertension: A Condition That Matters

Children, Vol. 11, Pages 518: Pediatric Hypertension: A Condition That Matters

Children doi: 10.3390/children11050518

Authors: Martina Avesani Giuseppe Calcaterra Jolanda Sabatino Giulia Pelaia Irene Cattapan Francesco Barillà Francesco Martino Roberto Pedrinelli Pier Paolo Bassareo Giovanni Di Salvo

Systemic hypertension has been considered mainly as an adult health issue for a long time, but it is now being increasingly acknowledged as a significant problem also among pediatric patients. The frequency of pediatric hypertension has grown mostly because of increases in childhood obesity and sedentary lifestyles, but secondary forms of hypertension play a role as well. Considering that unaddressed hypertension during childhood can result in enduring cardiovascular complications, timely identification and intervention are essential. Strategies for addressing this disease encompass not only lifestyle adjustments, but also the use of medications when needed. Lifestyle modifications entail encouraging a nutritious diet, consistent physical activity, and the maintenance of a healthy weight. Moreover, educating both children and their caregivers about monitoring blood pressure at home can aid in long-term management. Thus, the aim of this review is to discuss the etiologies, classification, and principles of the treatment of hypertension in pediatric patients.