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Nutrients, Vol. 15, Pages 4748: Poor Nutritional Status during Recovery from Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients without an Early Nutritional Intervention Predicts a Poor Prognosis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu15224748
Authors: Hiroshi Abe Tetsuro Miyazaki Masato Tomaru Yuka Nobushima Tomohi Ajima Koji Hirabayashi Sayaki Ishiwata Midori Kakihara Masaaki Maki Ryosuke Shimai Tadao Aikawa Hiroyuki Isogai Dai Ozaki Yuki Yasuda Fuminori Odagiri Kazuhisa Takamura Makoto Hiki Hiroshi Iwata Ken Yokoyama Takashi Tokano Tohru Minamino
Whether malnutrition during the early phase of recovery from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) could be a predictor of mortality or morbidity has not been ascertained. We examined 289 AMI patients. All-cause mortality and composite endpoints (all-cause mortality, nonfatal stroke, nonfatal acute coronary syndrome, and hospitalization for acute decompensated heart failure) during the follow-up duration (median 39 months) were evaluated. There were 108 (37.8%) malnourished patients with GNRIs of less than 98 on arrival; however, malnourished patients significantly decreased to 91 (31.4%) during the convalescence period (p < 0.01). The incidence rates of mortality and primary composite endpoints were significantly higher in the malnourished group than in the well-nourished group both on arrival and during the convalescence period (All p < 0.05). Nutrition guidance significantly improved GNRI in a group of patients who were undernourished (94.7 vs. 91.0, p < 0.01). Malnourished patients on admission who received nutritional guidance showed similar all-cause mortality with well-nourished patients, whereas malnourished patients without receiving nutritional guidance demonstrated significantly worse compared to the others (p = 0.03). The assessment of GNRI during the convalescence period is a useful risk predictor for patients with AMI. Nutritional guidance may improve the prognoses of patients with poor nutritional status.
